Electronics

Resistor Power Guide

Size resistors by power dissipation — package ratings, derating, and parallel dissipation.

Power formulas

P = V² / RFrom voltage across the resistor
P = I² · RFrom current through it
P = V · IFrom both
Derate to≤ 50% of rated — especially in sealed enclosures

Typical ratings

PackageRated power
0402 SMD1/16 W (62 mW)
0603 SMD1/10 W (100 mW)
0805 SMD1/8 W (125 mW)
1206 SMD1/4 W (250 mW)
2010 SMD3/4 W
2512 SMD1 W
Through-hole 1/4 W1/4 W
Through-hole 1/2 W1/2 W
Through-hole 1 W1 W
Axial wirewound 5 W5 W
Axial wirewound 10 W10 W
TO-220 power25–50 W (heatsinked)

Parallel dissipation

Equal resistors in parallelTotal P = N × single-resistor P
Splitting high powerFour 1 Ω 1 W in parallel = 0.25 Ω / 4 W capability
Voltage deratingHigh-voltage resistors can arc at rated voltage — check max working voltage

Notes

  • Pulse handling differs from continuous: some resistors tolerate brief pulses many times their continuous rating.
  • Thin-film handles sudden surges worse than carbon composition — pick accordingly.
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